Coffee is produced from which plant?

The origin of coffee

Coffee is a beverage made from the fruit of the coffee plant, which originated in Africa. According to archaeologists, the earliest record of coffee being used dates back to the 15th century BC, when people discovered the plant and began to grind its fruit and brew it into a beverage.

Coffee Tree

Coffee is produced by a plant called the coffee tree. This tree belongs to the Rubiaceae family and is native to Africa and Madagascar. It usually grows at high altitudes and prefers a warm and humid climate and soil rich in organic matter.

Variety

More than 60 different varieties of coffee trees have been discovered. The most common and widely grown are Arabica and Robusta. Arabica is one of the most popular and highest quality varieties, with a lower caffeine content but a more complex and aromatic taste. Robusta has a higher caffeine content and a more bitter taste.

Growth environment

Coffee trees usually grow between 1,000 and 2,000 meters above sea level. This high altitude environment provides suitable climatic conditions and soil quality, allowing coffee trees to fully develop. In addition, stable temperature, sufficient sunshine and moderate rainfall are also necessary for its growth.

Fruit harvesting and processing

A mature coffee tree can produce about 2 to 4 kilograms of coffee cherries per year. When the cherries turn red, they are ripe and ready to be harvested. After picking, the cherries are peeled to reveal two seeds (what we often call "coffee beans") inside. These seeds need to go through a series of processing steps such as cleaning, fermentation, and drying before they can finally become the coffee we know and love.

Global Origin

Today, coffee trees are grown all over the world. Brazil is the world's largest coffee producer, followed by Vietnam, Colombia, and Indonesia. These countries have suitable climate conditions and soil quality for coffee trees to thrive.

Conclusion

Coffee, a beverage derived from the fruit of the coffee tree, is popular around the world. By understanding the origin of the coffee tree, its variety diversity, and the environment in which it grows, we can better understand and appreciate the culture and craftsmanship behind this delicious drink.