The Complete Guide to Coffee Beans: Exploring the Wonderful World of Coffee Trees

The origin of the coffee tree

The coffee tree is an evergreen tree native to the Ethiopian Plateau in Africa. According to archaeologists, the earliest record of the use of coffee beans can be traced back to the 15th century BC. At that time, people ground coffee beans and mixed them with animal fat to make a refreshing drink.

Different types of coffee beans

There are two main types of coffee that are popular on the market today: Arabica and Robusta. Arabica is one of the most common and popular varieties, and has a lower caffeine content and a more complex, aromatic flavor. Robusta, on the other hand, contains higher levels of caffeine and has a relatively bitter taste.

Fruit appearance and color

When ripe, coffee trees produce small, round or oval fruits. These fruits are often called "cherries" because they are similar in appearance to cherries. The color of cherries can vary from green to red, yellow and even black.

Internal structure of the fruit

When we cut open the coffee beans, we will find that it is wrapped in a layer of sticky substance called "pulp". This layer of pulp is composed of water and sugar, which provides nutrients and protection for the coffee beans.

Coffee bean formation process

On coffee trees, flowers are pollinated and gradually transformed into small cherries. These cherries take several months to fully mature. When they become plump and brightly colored, they are ready to harvest.

Picking and processing

Picking is a time-consuming and skillful process. Usually, manual picking is the most common way. Only those cherries that are fully ripe and of the best quality are selected for harvest.

Once the picking is complete, the next stage is the processing. The cherries are first peeled and the pulp is separated from the coffee beans. This process can be done in two ways: washing or drying.

Coffee Bean Roasting

After processing, coffee beans need to be roasted to become the edible form we are familiar with. The time and temperature of roasting will have a significant impact on the final taste. A lighter roast will retain more of the original flavor of the coffee, while a darker roast will bring a richer and bitter taste.

Conclusion

Exploring the wonderful world of coffee trees is a journey of tasting and experiencing different flavors. From the appearance of the fruit to the internal structure to the final product, every link is shaping the perfect cup we love and pursue.

Whether you are an Arabica or Robusta lover, understanding these details about the origins of coffee beans and the various steps in the production process will allow you to appreciate and enjoy every cup of delicious coffee.